Vítězslav Maier

2011

• J. Znaleziona, V. Maier, J. Petr, J. Chrastina, and J. Sevcik, “MEKC Determination of Nilutamide in Human Serum Using Sweeping in High
  Salt Sample Matrix,” CHROMATOGRAPHIA, vol. 74, iss. 1-2, pp. 151-155, 2011.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000291745400019,
  Author = Znaleziona, Joanna and Maier, Vitezslav and Petr, Jan and Chrastina, Jan
     and Sevcik, Juraj,
  Title = MEKC Determination of Nilutamide in Human Serum Using Sweeping in High
     Salt Sample Matrix,
  Journal = CHROMATOGRAPHIA,
  Year = 2011,
  Volume = 74,
  Number = 1-2,
  Pages = 151-155,
  Month = JUL,
  Abstract = The determination of the antiandrogen drug nilutamide in human serum by
     MEKC using flutamide as an internal standard is described. Several
     parameters influencing the separation, such as the running electrolyte
     composition concerning the micelle concentration and pH, are discussed.
     MEKC separation was achieved within 7 min using 50 mM sodium borate pH
     9.0 with the addition of 50 mM sodium dodecylsulfate at +20 kV. The
     proposed method was applied to determination of nilutamide in spiked
     human serum samples after protein precipitation with acetonitrile. The
     increasing of sensitivity for determination of nilutamide in serum was
     done by sweeping in a high salt concentration sample matrix when the
     injection of a larger volume of sample diluted in 150 mM NaCl was
     applied. The limit of detection after the preconcentration step for
     nilutamide was 26 mu g L(-1).,
  DOI = 10.1007/s10337-011-2019-1,
  ISSN = 0009-5893,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000291745400019,
  

• J. Znaleziona, V. Maier, V. Ranc, and J. Sevcik, “Determination of rosiglitazone and metformin in human serum by CE-ESI-MS,” JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE, vol. 34, iss. 10, pp. 1167-1173, 2011.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000290635400010,
  Author = Znaleziona, Joanna and Maier, Vitezslav and Ranc, Vaclav and Sevcik,
     Juraj,
  Title = Determination of rosiglitazone and metformin in human serum by CE-ESI-MS,
  Journal = JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE,
  Year = 2011,
  Volume = 34,
  Number = 10,
  Pages = 1167-1173,
  Month = MAY,
  Abstract = A new method for the determination of anti-diabetic drugs metformin and
     rosiglitazone based on the use of capillary electrophoresis with
     electrospray mass spectrometry was developed. The proposed method
     allowed their separation within 11 min by using 50 mM formic acid at +20
     kV. Positive electrospray ionization and selected ion monitoring
     [M+H](+) of metformin (m/z=130) and rosiglitazone (m/z=358) were
     performed. Several important experimental parameters influencing
     electrospray ionization of metformin and rosiglitazone were studied. The
     final composition of sheath liquid was water/methanol/formic acid
     (50:49.5:0.5, v/v/v), at a flow rate of 2 mu L/min. The developed method
     was applied for the determination of metformin and rosiglitazone
     simultaneously in human serum after protein precipitation with
     acetonitrile. The limits of detection of developed method were 4.42 and
     2.14 ng/mL for rosiglitazone and for metformin, respectively, which is
     sufficient for therapeutic serum concentration levels monitoring for
     both studied drugs.,
  DOI = 10.1002/jssc.201000823,
  ISSN = 1615-9306,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000290635400010,
  

• V. Ranc, A. Stanova, J. Marak, V. Maier, J. Sevcik, and D. Kaniansky, “Preparative isotachophoresis with surface enhanced Raman scattering as a
  promising tool for clinical samples analysis,” JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A, vol. 1218, iss. 2, pp. 205-210, 2011.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000286700600003,
  Author = Ranc, Vaclav and Stanova, Andrea and Marak, Jozef and Maier, Vitezslav
     and Sevcik, Juraj and Kaniansky, Dusan,
  Title = Preparative isotachophoresis with surface enhanced Raman scattering as a
     promising tool for clinical samples analysis,
  Journal = JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A,
  Year = 2011,
  Volume = 1218,
  Number = 2,
  Pages = 205-210,
  Month = JAN 14,
  Abstract = A surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectrometry is an
     interesting alternative for a rapid molecular recognition of analytes at
     very low concentration levels. The hyphenation of this technique with
     advanced separation methods enhances its potential as a detection
     technique. Until now, it has been hyphenated mainly with common
     chromatographic and electrophoretic techniques. This work demonstrates
     for a first time a power of preparative isotachophoresis-surface
     enhanced Raman scattering spectrometry (pITP-SERS) combination on the
     analysis of model analyte (buserelin) in a complex biological sample
     (urine). An off-line identification of target analyte was performed
     using a comparison of Raman spectra of buserelin standard with spectra
     obtained by the analyses of the fractions from preparative
     isotachophoretic runs. SERS determination of buserelin was based on the
     method of standard addition to minimize the matrix effects. The
     linearity of developed method was obtained in the concentration range
     from 0.2 to 1.5 nmol L(-1) with coefficient of determination 0.991. The
     calculated limit of detection is in tens of pico mols per liter. (C)
     2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.,
  DOI = 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.11.025,
  ISSN = 0021-9673,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000286700600003,
  

2010

• D. Jirovsky, Z. Bartosova, J. Skopalova, and V. Maier, “Electrochemical characterization of repaglinide and its determination in
  human plasma using liquid chromatography with dual-channel coulometric
  detection,” JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL
  AND LIFE SCIENCES, vol. 878, iss. 31, pp. 3243-3248, 2010.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000285118100006,
  Author = Jirovsky, David and Bartosova, Zdenka and Skopalova, Jana and Maier,
     Vitezslav,
  Title = Electrochemical characterization of repaglinide and its determination in
     human plasma using liquid chromatography with dual-channel coulometric
     detection,
  Journal = JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL
     AND LIFE SCIENCES,
  Year = 2010,
  Volume = 878,
  Number = 31,
  Pages = 3243-3248,
  Month = DEC 1,
  Abstract = A simple fast and sensitive HPLC method employing dual-channel
     coulometric detection for the determination of repaglinide in human
     plasma is presented The assay involved extraction of repaglinide by
     ethyl acetate and isocratic reversed-phase liquid chromatography with
     dual-channel coulometric detection The mobile phase composition was 50mM
     disodium hydrogen phosphate/acetonitrile (60 40 v/v) pH of the mobile
     phase 7 5 set up with phosphoric acid For all analyses the first cell
     working potential was +380 mV the second was +750 mV (vs Pd/H(2))
     Calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 5-500 nmol
     L(-1) Rosiglitazone was used as an internal standard The limit of
     detection CLOD) was established at 28 nmol L(-1) and the lower limit of
     quantification (LLOQ) at 85 nmol L(-1) The developed method was applied
     to human plasma samples spiked with repaglinide at therapeutical
     concentrations It was confirmed that the method is suitable for
     pharmacokinetic studies or therapeutic monitoring (C) 2010 Elsevier B V
     All rights reserved,
  DOI = 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.09.029,
  ISSN = 1570-0232,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000285118100006,
  

• K. Vitkova, J. Petr, V. Maier, J. Znaleziona, and J. Sevcik, “Study of electromigration effects on a pH boundary during the on-line
  electrokinetic preconcentration by capillary electrophoresis,” ELECTROPHORESIS, vol. 31, iss. 16, pp. 2771-2777, 2010.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000281732900010,
  Author = Vitkova, Katerina and Petr, Jan and Maier, Vitezslav and Znaleziona,
     Joanna and Sevcik, Juraj,
  Title = Study of electromigration effects on a pH boundary during the on-line
     electrokinetic preconcentration by capillary electrophoresis,
  Journal = ELECTROPHORESIS,
  Year = 2010,
  Volume = 31,
  Number = 16,
  Pages = 2771-2777,
  Month = AUG,
  Abstract = A contribution to the description of electrokinetic effects on the pH
     boundary formed by sodium borate pH 9.5 and sodium phosphate pH 2.5
     electrolytes for on-line preconcentration of weak acids is presented in
     this article. Simulations of electrokinetic injections together with
     experimental studies using contactless conductivity detection verified
     that the preconcentration is induced mainly by dissociation changes of
     analytes on the pH boundary and transient ITP state. Moreover, a study
     of the addition of organic solvent to the injection electrolyte was
     performed with impressive results. Subnanomolar LODs of hydroxybenzoic
     acids were achieved with 80\% of methanol in the injection electrolyte
     which represents more than 70 000-fold preconcentration in comparison
     with classical CZE method.,
  DOI = 10.1002/elps.200900663,
  ISSN = 0173-0835,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000281732900010,
  

• R. Knob, J. Marak, A. Stanova, V. Maier, D. Kaniansky, and J. Sevcik, “Determination of brominated phenols in water samples by on-line coupled
  isotachophoresis with capillary zone electrophoresis,” JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A, vol. 1217, iss. 20, pp. 3446-3451, 2010.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000277893500014,
  Author = Knob, Radim and Marak, Jozef and Stanova, Andrea and Maier, Vitezslav
     and Kaniansky, Dusan and Sevcik, Juraj,
  Title = Determination of brominated phenols in water samples by on-line coupled
     isotachophoresis with capillary zone electrophoresis,
  Journal = JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A,
  Year = 2010,
  Volume = 1217,
  Number = 20,
  Pages = 3446-3451,
  Month = MAY 14,
  Abstract = A method for determination of nine brominated phenols as environmental
     risk compounds was developed by on-line coupled capillary
     isotachophoresis and capillary zone electrophoresis (ITP-CZE). For ITP
     step, 1 x 10(-2) mol L(-1) hydrochloric acid with 3 x 10(-2) mol L(-1)
     ammediol pH 9.1 was used as the leading electrolyte, and 3 x 10(-2) mol
     L(-1) beta-alanine with 2 x 10(-2) mol L(-1) sodium hydroxide pH 10.05
     was used as the terminating electrolyte. As the background electrolyte
     for CZE separation, 2.5 x 10(-2) mol L(-1) beta-alanine with 2.5 x
     10(-2) mol L(-1) lysine pH 9.6 was used. All electrolytes contained
     0.05\% or 0.1\% (m/v) hydroxyethylcellulose to suppress the
     electroosmotic flow. UV detection at wavelength 220nm was used.
     Detection limits in order of tens of nmol L(-1) were achieved. Good
     repeatability of migration times (less than 0.33\% RSD) and good
     repeatability of peak areas (less than 7.19\% RSD) at concentration
     level 5 x 10(-8) mol L(-1) were observed. Developed ITP-CZE method was
     applied to determination of brominated phenols in spiked tap and river
     water samples. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.,
  DOI = 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.03.006,
  ISSN = 0021-9673,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000277893500014,
  

• K. Vitkova, M. Pechova, J. Petr, J. Znaleziona, V. Ranc, V. Maier, and J. Sevcik, “A fast determination of yohimbine in pharmaceuticals by micellar
  electrokinetic chromatography,” CENTRAL EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, vol. 8, iss. 2, pp. 273-277, 2010.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000276548300005,
  Author = Vitkova, Katerina and Pechova, Marketa and Petr, Jan and Znaleziona,
     Joanna and Ranc, Vaclav and Maier, Vitezslav and Sevcik, Juraj,
  Title = A fast determination of yohimbine in pharmaceuticals by micellar
     electrokinetic chromatography,
  Journal = CENTRAL EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY,
  Year = 2010,
  Volume = 8,
  Number = 2,
  Pages = 273-277,
  Month = APR,
  Abstract = A method for the fast determination of yohimbine, a potent
     adrenoreceptor antagonist used for the treatment of sexual dysfunctions,
     is proposed in this article. MEKC under basic and acidic conditions
     (sodium borate, pH 9.5 and sodium phosphate, pH 2.5) with SDS was
     developed. The effect of the experimental parameters, e. g. pH, SDS
     concentration and injection time, on yohimbine migration was also
     studied. Both methods were validated in terms of linearity, limits of
     detection and quantification, accuracy, and precision using caffeine as
     an internal standard. The application for the determination of yohimbine
     in hand-made medicaments is also investigated in this study.,
  DOI = 10.2478/s11532-009-0149-1,
  ISSN = 1895-1066,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000276548300005,
  

• A. Stanova, J. Marak, V. Maier, V. Ranc, J. Znaleziona, J. Sevcik, and D. Kaniansky, “Analysis of buserelin in urine by online combination of capillary zone
  electrophoresis with electrospray mass spectrometry,” ELECTROPHORESIS, vol. 31, iss. 7, SI, pp. 1234-1240, 2010.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000276811000015,
  Author = Stanova, Andrea and Marak, Jozef and Maier, Vitezslav and Ranc, Vaclav
     and Znaleziona, Joanna and Sevcik, Juraj and Kaniansky, Dusan,
  Title = Analysis of buserelin in urine by online combination of capillary zone
     electrophoresis with electrospray mass spectrometry,
  Journal = ELECTROPHORESIS,
  Year = 2010,
  Volume = 31,
  Number = 7, SI,
  Pages = 1234-1240,
  Month = APR,
  Abstract = A fast and precise analysis of the synthetic peptide buserelin in urine
     using CZE-ESI-MS method has been demonstrated. Formic acid at 50 mmol/L
     concentration served as backgroud electrolyte in CZE stage and it is
     compatible with MS detection in positive ionization mode. Two injection
     modes were tested, i.e. pressure (50 mbar for 5 s) and electrokinetic
     injection (5 kV for 5 s), of which electrokinetic injection provided
     better calibration parameters. Buserelin LODs were 0 47 mu g/mL in water
     and 0 63 mu g/mL in ten times diluted urine samples using pressure
     injection, while they were 0.32 mu g/mL in water and 0.34 mu g/mL in ten
     times diluted urine samples using electrokinetic injection Repeatability
     of buserelin migration times was below 6\% (pressure injection mode) and
     1\% (electrokinetic injection mode) Repeatability of buserelin peak area
     in SIM mode (m/z = 620.5 +/- 0.5) was less than 12\% (pressure injection
     mode) and 5 8\% (electrokinetic injection mode). In this work, no
     interferences were observed during the analyses of spiked urine samples.,
  DOI = 10.1002/elps.200900422,
  ISSN = 0173-0835,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000276811000015,
  

• I. Palikova, J. Vostalova, A. Zdarilova, A. Svobodova, P. Kosina, R. Vecera, D. Stejskal, J. Proskova, J. Hrbac, P. Bednar, V. Maier, D. Cernochova, V. Simanek, and J. Ulrichova, “Long-Term Effects of Three Commercial Cranberry Products on the
  Antioxidative Status in Rats: A Pilot Study,” JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY, vol. 58, iss. 3, pp. 1672-1678, 2010.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000274269000041,
  Author = Palikova, Irena and Vostalova, Jitka and Zdarilova, Adela and Svobodova,
     Alena and Kosina, Pavel and Vecera, Rostislav and Stejskal, David and
     Proskova, Jitka and Hrbac, Jan and Bednar, Petr and Maier, Vitezslav and
     Cernochova, Drahomira and Simanek, Vilim and Ulrichova, Jitka,
  Title = Long-Term Effects of Three Commercial Cranberry Products on the
     Antioxidative Status in Rats: A Pilot Study,
  Journal = JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY,
  Year = 2010,
  Volume = 58,
  Number = 3,
  Pages = 1672-1678,
  Month = FEB 10,
  Abstract = Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait. Ericaceae) fruits and juice are
     widely used for their antiadherence and antioxidative properties. Little
     is known however about their effects on clinical chemistry markers after
     long-term consumption. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect
     of three commercial cranberry products, NUTRICRAN90S, HI-PAC 4.0, and
     PACRAN on the antioxidative status of rodents, divided into three
     experimental groups. The products were given as dietary admixtures (1500
     mg of product/kg of stock feed) for 14 weeks to male Wistar rats (Groups
     2-4) and a control Group 1 which received only stock feed. There were no
     significant cranberry treatment-related effects on oxidative stress
     parameters, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase,
     glutathione transferase, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant
     capacity, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, advanced oxidation
     protein products, total SH-groups, or any other measured clinical
     chemistry markers. Hematological parameters, body weight, and food
     consumption were also unaffected by intake of cranberries. Only liver
     glutathione reductase activity and glutathione levels were significantly
     lower in Group 4 than in Group 1. Plasma alkaline phosphatase alone was
     significantly decreased in Group 2. No gross pathology, effects on organ
     weights, or histopathology were observed. No genotoxicity was found, and
     total cytochrome P450 level in liver was unaffected in all groups. The
     levels of hippuric acid and several phenolic acids were significantly
     increased in plasma and urine in Groups 2-4. The concentration of
     anthocyanins was under the detection threshold. The dietary addition of
     cranberry powders for 14 weeks was well tolerated, but it did not
     improve the antioxidative status in rats.,
  DOI = 10.1021/jf903710y,
  ISSN = 0021-8561,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000274269000041,
  

• J. Skopalova, D. Jirovsky, Z. Bartosova, and V. Maier, “Electrochemical Behavior of Antidiabetics Repaglinide and Rosiglitazone
  and their Determination by Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical
  Detection,” in MODERN ELECTROCHEMICAL METHODS XXX, 2010, pp. 149-153.
  [Bibtex]

  @inproceedings ISI:000283050900034,
  Author = Skopalova, Jana and Jirovsky, David and Bartosova, Zdenka and Maier,
     Vitezslav,
  Editor = Navratil, T and Jiri, B,
  Title = Electrochemical Behavior of Antidiabetics Repaglinide and Rosiglitazone
     and their Determination by Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical
     Detection,
  Booktitle = MODERN ELECTROCHEMICAL METHODS XXX,
  Year = 2010,
  Pages = 149-153,
  Note = 30th Modern Electrochemical Methods, Jetrichovice, CZECH REPUBLIC, MAY
     24-28, 2010,
  Abstract = A voltammetric behavior of two antidiabetic drugs repaglinide and
     rosiglitazone was investigated on glassy carbon electrode using cyclic
     and differential pulse voltammetry. Oxidation of the both drugs occurred
     in the entire tested pH range of 2-9 giving well defined anodic current
     responses. Suitable conditions for coulometric detection of the drugs at
     porous-carbon electrode were found on the basis of voltammetric
     experiments. A simple and highly sensitive reverse-phase liquid
     chromatography method with coulometric detection was developed and
     applied to the determination of nanomolar concentractions of the drugs
     in spiked human plasma.,
  ISBN = 978-80-254-6710-7,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000283050900034,
  

2009

• J. Petr, O. Ryparova, J. Znaleziona, V. Maier, and J. Sevcik, “On-line combination of CE and microscopy: An insight into the migration
  of microorganisms,” ELECTROPHORESIS, vol. 30, iss. 22, pp. 3863-3869, 2009.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000272474900009,
  Author = Petr, Jan and Ryparova, Olga and Znaleziona, Joanna and Maier, Vitezslav
     and Sevcik, Juraj,
  Title = On-line combination of CE and microscopy: An insight into the migration
     of microorganisms,
  Journal = ELECTROPHORESIS,
  Year = 2009,
  Volume = 30,
  Number = 22,
  Pages = 3863-3869,
  Month = NOV,
  Abstract = identification of microbial contamination by CE has interested many
     researchers mainly because of the high speed of CE analysis. However,
     the CE separation of such big structures brings a lot of questions
     mainly about the behavior of microorganisms and about the mechanism of
     separation. In this work, we constructed a simple apparatus where a
     microscope was used as one detector and a UV detector was used as the
     second one and we made the comparison of three typical setups for CE of
     microorganisms. Saccharomyces cerevisiae was chosen as a model
     microorganism and was analyzed in bare fused-silica capillaries,
     covalently modified capillaries and dynamically modified capillaries by
     poly(ethylene oxide) or CTAB. Results showed that the use of CE
     instrument directly connected with a microscope could be advantageous
     for the study of separation mechanisms and/or migration behavior.,
  DOI = 10.1002/elps.200900230,
  ISSN = 0173-0835,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000272474900009,
  

• V. Maier, J. Znaleziona, D. Jirovsky, J. Skopalova, J. Petr, and J. Sevcik, “Determination of antihyperglycemic drugs in nanomolar concentration
  levels by micellar electrokinetic chromatography with non-ionic
  surfactant,” JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A, vol. 1216, iss. 20, pp. 4492-4498, 2009.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000265956100025,
  Author = Maier, Vitezslav and Znaleziona, Joanna and Jirovsky, David and
     Skopalova, Jana and Petr, Jan and Sevcik, Juraj,
  Title = Determination of antihyperglycemic drugs in nanomolar concentration
     levels by micellar electrokinetic chromatography with non-ionic
     surfactant,
  Journal = JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A,
  Year = 2009,
  Volume = 1216,
  Number = 20,
  Pages = 4492-4498,
  Month = MAY 15,
  Abstract = A method for the separation of six selected antihyperglycemic
     (antidiabetic) drugs (tolbutamide, gliclazide, glimepiride,
     glibenclamide, repaglinide, and glipizide) was developed with use of
     micellar electrokinetic chromatography. Two non-ionic poly(ethylene
     glycol)-based surfactants Genapol X-080 and Triton X-114 (reduced) were
     studied as neutral pseudostationary phases. High alkaline pH 10.0 was
     used to obtain negative charges of separated antidiabetic drugs and
     non-ionic surfactants were employed for selectivity alteration. Both
     non-ionic surfactants provided good selectivity at concentration 0.2\%
     (v/v) in sodium borate buffer and the separation of six drugs was
     obtained within 5 min. An on-line preconcentration method based on
     reversed electrode polarity switching was employed for the determination
     of anti hyperglycemic drugs in blood serum after acetonitrile protein
     precipitation. The limits of detection ranged from 20.8 nmol L-(1) for
     tolbutamide to 6.5 nmol L(-1) for glibenclamide, respectively. (C) 2009
     Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.,
  DOI = 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.03.052,
  ISSN = 0021-9673,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000265956100025,
  

• J. Petr, O. Ryparova, V. Ranc, P. Hinnerova, J. Znaleziona, M. Kowalska, R. Knob, V. Maier, I. Frebort, K. Lemr, and J. Sevcik, “Assessment of CE for the identification of microorganisms,” ELECTROPHORESIS, vol. 30, iss. 3, pp. 444-449, 2009.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000264357500002,
  Author = Petr, Jan and Ryparova, Olga and Ranc, Vaclav and Hinnerova, Petra and
     Znaleziona, Joanna and Kowalska, Marta and Knob, Radim and Maier,
     Vitezslav and Frebort, Ivo and Lemr, Karel and Sevcik, Juraj,
  Title = Assessment of CE for the identification of microorganisms,
  Journal = ELECTROPHORESIS,
  Year = 2009,
  Volume = 30,
  Number = 3,
  Pages = 444-449,
  Month = FEB,
  Abstract = The assessment of capillary electrophoresis for separation and
     identification of microorganisms is described in this article. The work
     brings a comparison of the application of uncoated capillaries modified
     with poly(ethylene oxide) and coated capillaries for the separation of
     model microorganisms Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli with
     Tris-borate-EDTA and Tris-citrate-fructose as electrolytes. The best
     separation was achieved in the coated capillary using 1 mM
     Tris-citrate-fructose buffer, pH 6.9. A simple identification based on
     the migration time and UV spectrum was found unsatisfactory and thus a
     method based on a post-separation cultivation and sequential analysis
     was developed. Off-line combination with mass spectrometric analysis
     with the use of desorption electrospray was shown to be an interesting
     alternative in a study of microorganisms. Mass spectra allowed
     distinguishing among analyzed cells.,
  DOI = 10.1002/elps.200800232,
  ISSN = 0173-0835,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000264357500002,
  

• J. Petr, V. Maier, J. Znaleziona, K. Vitkova, V. Ranc, and J. Sevcik, “On-line Preconcentration on pH Boundary – the Beauty of Capillary
  Electrophoresis,” CHEMICKE LISTY, vol. 103, iss. 8, pp. 661-666, 2009.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000269243500006,
  Author = Petr, Jan and Maier, Vitezslav and Znaleziona, Joanna and Vitkova,
     Katerina and Ranc, Vaclav and Sevcik, Juraj,
  Title = On-line Preconcentration on pH Boundary - the Beauty of Capillary
     Electrophoresis,
  Journal = CHEMICKE LISTY,
  Year = 2009,
  Volume = 103,
  Number = 8,
  Pages = 661-666,
  Abstract = The beauty of capillary electrophoresis is shown on preconcentration of
     some phenolics. The method is based on the electrokinetic injection of
     phenolics into a sodium borate electrolyte (pH 9.5) at the pH boundary
     formed by sodium phosphate (pH 2.5) followed by mobilization and
     separation by replacing the injection vial with the vial containing
     micellar environment. This technique allows determination of nanomolar
     concentrations of phenolics.,
  ISSN = 0009-2770,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000269243500006,
  

2008

• J. Petr, K. Vitkova, V. Ranc, J. Znaleziona, V. Maier, R. Knob, and J. Sevcik, “Determination of some phenolic acids in Majorana hortensis by capillary
  electrophoresis with online electrokinetic preconcentration,” JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY, vol. 56, iss. 11, pp. 3940-3944, 2008.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000256445300008,
  Author = Petr, Jan and Vitkova, Katerina and Ranc, Vaclav and Znaleziona, Joanna
     and Maier, Vitezslav and Knob, Radim and Sevcik, Juraj,
  Title = Determination of some phenolic acids in Majorana hortensis by capillary
     electrophoresis with online electrokinetic preconcentration,
  Journal = JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY,
  Year = 2008,
  Volume = 56,
  Number = 11,
  Pages = 3940-3944,
  Month = JUN 11,
  Abstract = An online accumulation/mobilization preconcentration technique based on
     a dynamic pH junction technique and electrokinetic injection was
     employed for analysis of phenolic acids (sinapic; ferulic, coumarinic,
     caffeic, syringic, vanillic, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid) in extracts from
     Majorana hortensis leaves. Samples were extracted by pressurized solvent
     extraction with acetone at 150 degrees C and 15 MPa. The capillary
     electrophoretic method employed 50 mmol.L-1 sodium borate, pH 9.5, as
     the sample electrolyte, 50 mmol.L-1 sodium phosphate, pH 2.5, as the
     background electrolyte, and 50 mmol.L-1 sodium phosphate, pH 2.5, with
     60 mmol.L-1 sodium dodecyl sulfate as the mobilization electrolyte. The
     method allowed 720-fold to 5560-fold preconcentration of the phenolic
     acids during 30 min of electrokinetic accumulation with detection limits
     from 0.38 to 4.22 ng.mL(-1).,
  DOI = 10.1021/jf8000179,
  ISSN = 0021-8561,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000256445300008,
  

• J. Znaleziona, J. Petr, R. Knob, V. Maier, and J. Sevcik, “Dynamic coating agents in CE,” CHROMATOGRAPHIA, vol. 67, iss. S, pp. S5-S12, 2008.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000256533700003,
  Author = Znaleziona, Joanna and Petr, Jan and Knob, Radim and Maier, Vitezslav
     and Sevcik, Juraj,
  Title = Dynamic coating agents in CE,
  Journal = CHROMATOGRAPHIA,
  Year = 2008,
  Volume = 67,
  Number = S,
  Pages = S5-S12,
  Note = 10th Symposium on Advances in Chromatography and Electrophoresis and
     Chiranal, Palacky Univ, Olomouc, CZECH REPUBLIC, JUN 24-27, 2007,
  Organization = Czech Chem Soc, Working Grp Chromatog \& Electrophoresis,
  Abstract = In capillary electrophoresis (CE) dynamic coating agents are commonly
     used for manipulating or reversing electroosmotic flow (EOF) and
     suppressing adsorption of analytes by the silica surface. In this paper
     we review general aspects of dynamic coating in CE and discuss features
     and facts concerning formation of the EOF and determination of its
     magnitude.,
  DOI = 10.1365/s10337-007-0509-y,
  ISSN = 0009-5893,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000256533700003,
  

• O. Ryparova, J. Petr, M. Kowalska, J. Znaleziona, R. Knob, V. Maier, I. Frebort, and J. Sevcik, “Analysis of Microorganisms by Capillary Electrophoresis,” CHEMICKE LISTY, vol. 102, iss. 12, pp. 1121-1126, 2008.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000262061500007,
  Author = Ryparova, Olga and Petr, Jan and Kowalska, Marta and Znaleziona, Joanna
     and Knob, Radim and Maier, Vitezslav and Frebort, Ivo and Sevcik, Juraj,
  Title = Analysis of Microorganisms by Capillary Electrophoresis,
  Journal = CHEMICKE LISTY,
  Year = 2008,
  Volume = 102,
  Number = 12,
  Pages = 1121-1126,
  Abstract = Utilization of capillary electrophoresis for screening identification of
     Escherichia coli in water (faecal contamination) and pharmaceuticals is
     described. The method uses an electrolyte 4.5 mM in Tris, 4.5 mM in
     H(3)BO(3) and 0.1 mM in EDTA with 0.0125 \% poly(ethylene oxide). A
     brief survey of the published methods for analysis of microorganisms by
     capillary electrophoresis is given.,
  ISSN = 0009-2770,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000262061500007,
  

2007

• J. Horakova, J. Petr, V. Maier, J. Znaleziona, A. Stanova, J. Marak, D. Kaniansky, and J. Sevcik, “Combination of large volume sample stacking and dynamic pH junction for
  on-line preconcentration of weak electrolytes by capillary
  electrophoresis in comparison with isotachophoretic techniques,” JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A, vol. 1155, iss. 2, pp. 193-198, 2007.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000247855200010,
  Author = Horakova, Jana and Petr, Jan and Maier, Vitezslav and Znaleziona, Joanna
     and Stanova, Andrea and Marak, Jozef and Kaniansky, Dusan and Sevcik,
     Juraj,
  Title = Combination of large volume sample stacking and dynamic pH junction for
     on-line preconcentration of weak electrolytes by capillary
     electrophoresis in comparison with isotachophoretic techniques,
  Journal = JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A,
  Year = 2007,
  Volume = 1155,
  Number = 2,
  Pages = 193-198,
  Month = JUL 6,
  Note = 15th International Symposium on Capillary Electroseparation Techniques,
     Paris, FRANCE, AUG 28-30, 2006,
  Abstract = An on-line preconcentration capillary electrophoresis (CE) technique,
     which combines a large volume sample stacking with a dynamic pH junction
     technique, is introduced in this paper. This dynamic pH junction with
     co-electroosmotic migration is formed between sodium borate pH 9.5 and
     sodium phosphate pH 2.5 with 150 mM sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS). A full
     capillary based injection allows determination of weak acidic compounds
     at ppb concentration levels (achieved LOD for benzoic acid was 11 nmol
     L-1). The proposed preconcentration method was compared with ITP/ITP
     (LOD 120 nmol L-1), ITP/CZE (LOD 740 nmol L-1) and a simple CZE method
     (LOD 23,330 nmol L-1). The analytical potential of this method was
     assessed with juice test samples. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights
     reserved.,
  DOI = 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.01.075,
  ISSN = 0021-9673,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000247855200010,
  

• V. Maier, J. Petr, R. Knob, J. Horakova, and J. Sevcik, “Electrokinetic partial filling technique as a powerful tool for
  enantiomeric separation of DL-lactic acid by CE with contactless
  conductivity detection,” ELECTROPHORESIS, vol. 28, iss. 11, pp. 1815-1822, 2007.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000247279800020,
  Author = Maier, Vitezslav and Petr, Jan and Knob, Radim and Horakova, Jana and
     Sevcik, Juraj,
  Title = Electrokinetic partial filling technique as a powerful tool for
     enantiomeric separation of DL-lactic acid by CE with contactless
     conductivity detection,
  Journal = ELECTROPHORESIS,
  Year = 2007,
  Volume = 28,
  Number = 11,
  Pages = 1815-1822,
  Month = JUN,
  Abstract = A modified partial filling method for chiral separation Of DL-lactic
     acid as the model chiral compound with vancomycin chloride as the chiral
     selector was developed by CE with contactless conductivity detection.
     Electrokinetic partial filling technique (EK-PFT) was used as an
     altemative method to the conventional hydrodynamic partial filling
     method. EK-PFT, in contrast to the hydrodynamic partial filling
     technique, allowed the removal of the chloride counterions from the
     chiral selector which otherwise led to poor sensitivity in conductivity
     detection. The baseline separation Of DL-lactic acid as the model
     analyte was achieved in 5 min in a polyacrylamide-coated capillary. The
     best resolution was achieved by electrokinetic partial filling of
     vancomycin cations from the injection solution containing 5 nunol/L
     oxalate L-histidiniumat pH 4.5 with 10 mmol/L vancomycin chloride.
     Computer simulation was used to explain the observed phenomena in the
     boundary between the inject vial and the capillary during the EK-PFT of
     vancomycin cations.,
  DOI = 10.1002/elps.200600578,
  ISSN = 0173-0835,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000247279800020,
  

• J. Horakova, J. Petr, V. Maier, E. Tesarova, L. Veis, D. W. Armstrong, B. Gas, and J. Sevcik, “On-line preconcentration of weak electrolytes by electrokinetic
  accumulation in CE: Experiment and simulation,” ELECTROPHORESIS, vol. 28, iss. 10, pp. 1540-1547, 2007.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000246923300011,
  Author = Horakova, Jana and Petr, Jan and Maier, Vitezslav and Tesarova, Eva and
     Veis, Libor and Armstrong, Daniel W. and Gas, Bohuslav and Sevcik, Juraj,
  Title = On-line preconcentration of weak electrolytes by electrokinetic
     accumulation in CE: Experiment and simulation,
  Journal = ELECTROPHORESIS,
  Year = 2007,
  Volume = 28,
  Number = 10,
  Pages = 1540-1547,
  Month = MAY,
  Abstract = A new on-line preconcentration technique was developed that makes
     possible to determine nanomolar concentrations of weak acidic analytes
     in CE. The method consists of long-running electrokinetic sample
     injection and stacking (electrokinetic immobilization) of the analytes
     at a boundary of two electrolytes with different pH values (pH 9.5 and
     2.5) and consequent mobilization of the stacked uncharged analytes in a
     micellar system (containing SDS micelles). Several factors including
     buffer concentration, pH, applied voltage, time of preconcentration, and
     SDS concentration were tested to optimize the analysis method. An about
     4600-fold increase of the sample concentration (in comparison with the
     standard CZE) can be achieved during the preconcentration step. Two
     preservatives applied in food industry - benzoic acid and sorbic acid
     were used as model samples. The applicability of the proposed method in
     food analysis was demonstrated by determination of nanomolar
     concentrations of benzoic acid in sunflower oil. An extended version of
     the computer program Simul was used for modeling both the
     preconcentration and mobilization processes taking place in the
     capillary.,
  DOI = 10.1002/elps.200600681,
  ISSN = 0173-0835,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000246923300011,
  

• D. Friedecky, J. Tomkova, V. Maier, A. Janost’akova, M. Prochazka, and T. Adam, “Capillary electrophoretic method for nucleotide analysis in cells:
  Application on inherited metabolic disorders,” ELECTROPHORESIS, vol. 28, iss. 3, pp. 373-380, 2007.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000244425600014,
  Author = Friedecky, David and Tomkova, Jana and Maier, Vitezslav and
     Janost'akova, Anna and Prochazka, Martin and Adam, Tomas,
  Title = Capillary electrophoretic method for nucleotide analysis in cells:
     Application on inherited metabolic disorders,
  Journal = ELECTROPHORESIS,
  Year = 2007,
  Volume = 28,
  Number = 3,
  Pages = 373-380,
  Month = FEB,
  Abstract = Purine and pyrimidine nucleotides influence many metabolic pathways and
     their analogs have been widely used in medicine. A capillary
     electrophoretic method was developed for measuring intracellular
     nucleotides. The final BGE consisted of 40 mM citric acid with addition
     of 0.8 mM CTAB titrated by gamma-aminobutyric acid to pH 4.4. The
     electrophoretic separations were carried out in an uncoated silica
     capillary (id/od - 75/375 mu m; effective/total length - 90/97 cm). The
     method allows a complete separation of 21 nucleotides and
     deoxynucleotides within 15 min with separation efficiencies up to 400
     000 theoretical plates per meter. Due to the use of an acidic separation
     medium, the method offers a high selectivity toward the studied analytes
     versus possible interferences from matrices. Sample preparation was
     optimized in order to shorten work-time and prevent analyte degradation.
     The method was applied for analyzing nucleotides in human erythrocytes
     and Chinese hamster ovary cells. Diagnostic potential for inherited
     metabolic disorders of nucleotide metabolism is presented.,
  DOI = 10.1002/elps.200600262,
  ISSN = 0173-0835,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000244425600014,
  

2006

• J. Petr, V. Maier, J. Horakova, J. Sevcik, and Z. Stransky, “Capillary isotachophoresis from the student point of view – images and
  the reality,” JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE, vol. 29, iss. 18, pp. 2705-2715, 2006.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000243338800002,
  Author = Petr, Jan and Maier, Vitezslav and Horakova, Jana and Sevcik, Juraj and
     Stransky, Zdenek,
  Title = Capillary isotachophoresis from the student point of view - images and
     the reality,
  Journal = JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE,
  Year = 2006,
  Volume = 29,
  Number = 18,
  Pages = 2705-2715,
  Month = DEC,
  Abstract = A review of some fundamental aspects of ITP from the student point of
     view, imaginations of some basic facts and laws, use of ITP, and the
     recent trends are presented. The results of theoretical computations of
     ITP separation processes are added for comparison of imaginations with
     the exact mathematical description.,
  DOI = 10.1002/jssc.200600249,
  ISSN = 1615-9306,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000243338800002,
  

• J. Petr, V. Maier, J. Horakova, and J. Sevcik, “Simultaneous contactless conductivity detection and UV detection for the
  study of separation of tamsulosin enantiomers in discontinuous
  electrolyte systems by CE,” ELECTROPHORESIS, vol. 27, iss. 23, pp. 4735-4745, 2006.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000242903000017,
  Author = Petr, Jan and Maier, Vitezslav and Horakova, Jana and Sevcik, Juraj,
  Title = Simultaneous contactless conductivity detection and UV detection for the
     study of separation of tamsulosin enantiomers in discontinuous
     electrolyte systems by CE,
  Journal = ELECTROPHORESIS,
  Year = 2006,
  Volume = 27,
  Number = 23,
  Pages = 4735-4745,
  Month = DEC,
  Abstract = This work shows the potential of using discontinuous electrolyte systems
     for the separation of tamsulosin enantiomers by CE. Sulfated
     P-cyclodextrin was used as a chiral selector. In acidic electrolytes,
     sulfated P-cyclodextrin migrates as an anion and the analyte
     (tamsulosin) migrates as a cation. Due to this, four experimental
     arrangements were proposed. These arrangements differ in composition of
     electrolytes in the inlet compartment, in the capillary and in the
     outlet compartment. The separation of tamsulosin enantiomers in acetate
     buffers with sodium and Tris counterions was studied. Simultaneous
     contactless conductivity detection and UV detection were used for the
     study of the separation mechanism in these systems. Mobilities of
     sulfated beta-cycloclextrin were used for the calculation of the time
     when the analyte migrates through the BGE zone with the selector. The
     simulation program Simul 4.0 was used for the calculations of the
     concentration profiles of the electrolyte components dependent on the
     time of the separation. The mechanism of enantioseparation in these
     arrangements was suggested.,
  DOI = 10.1002/elps.200600063,
  ISSN = 0173-0835,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000242903000017,
  

• V. Maier, J. Horakova, J. Petr, D. Drahonovsky, and J. Sevcik, “Using of S-(-)-2-hydroxymethyl-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidinium
  tetrafluoroborate as additive to the background electrolyte in capillary
  electrophoresis,” JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A, vol. 1103, iss. 2, pp. 337-343, 2006.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000234879600019,
  Author = Maier, V and Horakova, J and Petr, J and Drahonovsky, D and Sevcik, J,
  Title = Using of S-(-)-2-hydroxymethyl-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidinium
     tetrafluoroborate as additive to the background electrolyte in capillary
     electrophoresis,
  Journal = JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A,
  Year = 2006,
  Volume = 1103,
  Number = 2,
  Pages = 337-343,
  Month = JAN 27,
  Abstract = We synthesised and used new type of quaternary ammonium salt
     [S-(-)-2-hydroxymethyl-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate] as
     effective additive to acidic background electrolytes. We used this
     quaternary ammonium salt as effective agent for capillary zone
     electrophoresis separation of model mixture of five tricyclic
     antidepressants (amitriptyline, nortriptyline, imipramine, desipramine
     and clomipramine) as model analytes. We observed that addition of
     S-(-)-2-hydroxymethyl-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate
     ([HMDP](+) [BF4](-)) to acidic background electrolytes leads to
     suppression of magnitude of electroosmotic flow (EOF) and gradually
     change the direction of the EOF. Baseline separation of five TAs was
     achieved by using of 91.1 mmol L-1 (20 g L-1) of [HMDP](+) [BF4](-)
     in 25 mmol L-1 sodium phosphate pH 2.5, where electroosmotic mobility
     was -11.3 x 10(-9) m(2) V-1 s(-1). We achieved baseline separation of
     five TAs with using of [HMDP](+) [BF4](-) as water solution too. We
     observed that [HMDP](+) [BF4](-) Can be used as buffer additive,
     which offers relatively smaller anodic electroosmotic flow instead of
     cationic surfactants that are mostly used for genarating of anodic
     electroosmotic flow in capillary electrophoresis. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V.
     All fights reserved.,
  DOI = 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.11.011,
  ISSN = 0021-9673,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000234879600019,
  

• J. Horakova, V. Maier, and J. Sevcik, “On-line preconcentration techniques in capillary electrophoresis,” CHEMICKE LISTY, vol. 100, iss. 3, pp. 163-168, 2006.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000236139700002,
  Author = Horakova, J and Maier, V and Sevcik, J,
  Title = On-line preconcentration techniques in capillary electrophoresis,
  Journal = CHEMICKE LISTY,
  Year = 2006,
  Volume = 100,
  Number = 3,
  Pages = 163-168,
  Abstract = Preconcentration is a very important issue for achievement of low
     detection limits. Various on-line preconcentration modes, various
     electrolyte compositions, pH values and mechanisms responsible for the
     focusing effect are described in literature. The main modes of stacking,
     sweeping and transient isotachophoresis are discussed. Some of the
     described methods are combinations of major techniques of
     preconcentration and less known focusing techniques. References for
     optimization of focusing conditions and routine use of on-line
     preconcentration are given.,
  ISSN = 0009-2770,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000236139700002,
  

2005

• V. Maier, J. Horakova, J. Petr, E. Tesarova, P. Coufal, and J. Sevcik, “Chiral separation of tamsulosin by capillary electrophoresis,” JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS, vol. 39, iss. 3-4, pp. 691-696, 2005.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000232209700047,
  Author = Maier, V and Horakova, J and Petr, J and Tesarova, E and Coufal, P and
     Sevcik, J,
  Title = Chiral separation of tamsulosin by capillary electrophoresis,
  Journal = JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS,
  Year = 2005,
  Volume = 39,
  Number = 3-4,
  Pages = 691-696,
  Month = SEP 15,
  Abstract = Enantiomers of (+/-) 5-[2 (R,S)-\[2-(o-ethoxyphenoxy) ethyl]
     amino\ propyl]-2-methoxy-benzenesulfonamide (tamsulosin, drug
     frequently used in the treatment of prostate diseases) were separated by
     capillary electrophoresis (CE). An acidic background electrolyte (BGE)
     with sulfated-beta-cyclodextrin (S-P-CD) was used to create a chiral
     separation environment. Baseline separation of the isomers was achieved
     during 5 min using cathodic electro-osmotic flow (EOF) (countercurrent
     mode). The quantification limits were 5.3 x 10(-6) Mol l(-1) for
     R-isomer and 5.7 x 10(-6) Mol l(-1) for S-isomer. The R.S.D. values of
     peak area were 0.54\% for R-isomer and 0.75\% for S-isomer. The results
     achieved enable determination of 0.5\% of optical impurity. (c) 2005
     Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.,
  DOI = 10.1016/j.jpba.2005.04.023,
  ISSN = 0731-7085,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000232209700047,
  

• J. Petr, V. Maier, J. Horakova, E. Tesarova, and J. Sevcik, “How to achieve successful chiral separation by capillary electrophoresis,” CHEMICKE LISTY, vol. 99, iss. 3, pp. 190-194, 2005.
  [Bibtex]

  @article ISI:000227483400007,
  Author = Petr, J and Maier, V and Horakova, J and Tesarova, E and Sevcik, J,
  Title = How to achieve successful chiral separation by capillary electrophoresis,
  Journal = CHEMICKE LISTY,
  Year = 2005,
  Volume = 99,
  Number = 3,
  Pages = 190-194,
  Abstract = This work is devoted to enhancing the potential of capillary
     electrophoresis as a separation technique. Improvement of chiral
     resolution of organic bases in an acid electrolyte using sulfated
     P-cyclodextrin as an anionic chiral selector is demonstrated on an
     example of chiral separation of tamsulosin and ephedrine. Better
     resolution of enantiomers; of the bases can be achieved by changing the
     concentration of a chiral selector in compartments of the separation
     system (inlet - capillary - outlet). Migration of the chiral selector in
     the direction opposite to that of the cationic analytes was utilized and
     thus the resolution could be improved. The best resolution was obtained
     if the chiral selector was in the working electrolyte in the capillary
     and outlet vial while the inlet vial contained only the background
     electrolyte. In contrast, if the chiral selector is either only in the
     capillary or in the whole electrophoresis system, a lower resolution was
     obtained though both the systems are most frequently employed in
     practice.,
  ISSN = 0009-2770,
  Unique-ID = ISI:000227483400007,